Research Summary
A medical swab, also known as a sterile swab or medical applicator, is a small, disposable tool used in healthcare settings for various purposes. It typically consists of a sterile, absorbent material, such as cotton or synthetic fibers, securely attached to a handle. Medical swabs are commonly used to collect samples for diagnostic testing, such as obtaining specimens from the throat, nose, wounds, or other body surfaces. They can also be used to apply or remove substances, such as medications, disinfectants, or wound care solutions. The absorbent tip of the swab allows for efficient collection or application of fluids, cells, or substances while minimizing contamination. Medical swabs come individually packaged in sterile wrappers to maintain their cleanliness and prevent the introduction of microorganisms. Their disposable nature ensures hygienic use and eliminates the risk of cross-contamination between patients. Medical swabs are an essential tool in healthcare for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, supporting accurate and effective patient care.
According to WENKH research statistics, the global Medical Swab market size will reach 549.70 Million USD in 2025 and is projected to reach 762.72 Million USD by 2032, with a CAGR of 4.79% (2025-2032). Among them, the Asia-Pacific Medical Swab market is undergoing rapid changes, reaching Million USD in 2025, accounting for approximately % of the global market share. It is projected to reach Million USD by 2032.
The global Medical Swab market is highly competitive, with key market players including BD, Puritan, 3M, Super Brush, Copan Diagnostics, JianErKang, SARSTEDT, JiaXin Medical, FL MEDICAL, Dynarex, GPC Medical, etc. This report categorizes the competitive landscape of the global Medical Swab market into three tiers based on annual revenue, with the top three market players holding approximately % of the total market share.
This report provides an in-depth analysis of the global Medical Swab market, including market size, price trends, market status and future development prospects. It particularly focuses on the market share, product characteristics, pricing, revenue, sales volume and gross profit margin of major manufacturers in the global Medical Swab industry. Additionally, this report provides an in-depth analysis of the market status and future development trends of different segments of Medical Swab and their downstream application fields.
In terms of data coverage, this report includes extensive time-series data. Historical data spans from 2020 to 2024, providing a solid foundation for analyzing market development trends. The year 2025 is used as a base year to accurately assess the current market landscape, while forecast data extends from 2026 to 2032, using scientific analysis methods and models to offer forward-looking projections and insights into the market's future trajectory. This provides valuable reference information for industry participants and stakeholders.
The report covers countries including United States, China, Germany, Japan, France, South Korea, United Kingdom, India, Italy, Brazil, Mexico, Indonesia, Vietnam and South Africa. It particularly focuses on the revenue and sales volume of Medical Swab in these countries, as well as the product segmentation and downstream application market size of each country. The report provides an in-depth analysis of the regional distribution and future development trends of the Medical Swab market. By considering local policies, this report evaluates the market prospects of Medical Swab in each country, aiming to help companies gain a comprehensive understanding of the industry characteristics and development potential in different regions, optimize regional business layout, and develop precise market strategies to achieve global development goals.
This report places significant emphasis on data quality and reliability, leveraging a wide range of data sources to ensure accuracy and validity. Primary data collection is conducted through multiple channels, including in-depth interviews with senior corporate executives, industry experts, supply chain participants, and end consumers. This helps to gain insights into corporate strategic planning, industry policies, supply chain dynamics, and user experiences. Secondary data sources cover an extensive range, including authoritative government statistics, customs databases, industry related reports, third-party paid databases, investment research reports, academic studies, corporate financial statements, real-time media updates, and information from international organizations, all of which serve as a solid foundation for data verification and analysis.
Companies Covered
BD
Puritan
3M
Super Brush
Copan Diagnostics
JianErKang
SARSTEDT
JiaXin Medical
FL MEDICAL
Dynarex
GPC Medical
Product Segment
Cotton Tipped Swabs
Foam Tipped Swabs
Non Woven
Others
Product Application
Specimen Collection
Disinfection
Other
Chapter Scope
Chapter 1: Product Statistical Scope, Product Segmentation Types and Downstream Applications, Overall Market Size, Current Status and Development Prospects
Chapter 2: Global Medical Swab Industry Chain Analysis
Chapter 3: Global Medical Swab Industry Environment Analysis and Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Chapter 4: Analysis of the Competitive Landscape of Major Companies in the Global Medical Swab Market (Market Share, Product Revenue and Sales Volume Comparison, Tier Division, Corporate Expansion and M&A Trends)
Chapter 5: Analysis of Global Major Companies (Company Profiles, Product Specifications and Features, Product Revenue, Product Sales Volume, Product Average Price and Product Gross Profit Margin)
Chapter 6: Global Medical Swab Market Analysis by Countries, Product Segment and Downstream Application (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 7: United States Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 8: China Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 9: Germany Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 10: Japan Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 11: France Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 12: South Korea Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 13: United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 14: India Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 15: Italy Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 16: Brazil Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 17: Mexico Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 18: Indonesia Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 19: Vietnam Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 20: South Africa Medical Swab Market Size, Product Segment, Downstream Application Analysis (Sales Volume, Revenue and Average Price)
Chapter 21: Research Conclusion
Chapter 22: Methodology and Data Source
Purpose and Value of the Report
Market Trend Insights: Analyze industry trends, market dynamics, and future growth potential to help companies forecast changes and develop strategic plans.
Competitive Landscape Analysis: Understand key players' revenue segmentation, strategies, market share, and business models to guide competitive decisions.
Investment Decision Support: Provide feasibility analysis through market size, growth rate, demand trends, and potential risks for informed investment decisions.
Target Customer and Demand Analysis: Examine consumer behavior, purchasing preferences, and pain points to optimize products and improve market penetration.
Policy and Regulatory Insights: Interpret relevant industry policies to ensure compliance and mitigate regulatory risks.
Business Model Optimization: Offer data-driven suggestions for enhancing business models and improving profitability.
Table of Content
1 Medical Swab Market Overview
1.1 Product Definition Introduction
1.2 Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast Analysis (2020-2032)
1.3 Medical Swab Market Status and Development Prospects
1.3.1 Medical Swab Market Status
1.3.2 Medical Swab Industry Development Prospects
1.4 Medical Swab Market Overview by Product Segment
1.4.1 Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast Analysis by Product Segment: 2020 VS 2025 VS 2032
1.4.2 Cotton Tipped Swabs
1.4.3 Foam Tipped Swabs
1.4.4 Non Woven
1.4.5 Others
1.5 Medical Swab Market Overview by Product Application
1.5.1 Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast Analysis by Product Application: 2020 VS 2025 VS 2032
1.5.2 Specimen Collection
1.5.3 Disinfection
1.5.4 Other
2 Medical Swab Industry Supply Chain Analysis
2.1 Medical Swab Supply Chain
2.2 Medical Swab Industry Upstream Supply Analysis
2.2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Supply Status
2.2.2 Key Raw Material Suppliers
2.3 Medical Swab Midstream Manufacturers
2.4 Medical Swab Downstream Customers
2.5 Medical Swab Sales Channel Analysis
3 Medical Swab Market Environment Analysis
3.1 Medical Swab Industry Policy Analysis
3.2 Medical Swab Emerging Technology Trends in the Industry
3.3 Medical Swab Restraining Factors Analysis
3.4 Medical Swab Market Porter's Five Forces Analysis
3.4.1 Competitive Rivalry
3.4.2 Threat of New Entrants
3.4.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
3.4.4 Bargaining Power of Buyers
3.4.5 Threat of Substitute Products or Services
4 Global Medical Swab Manufacturer Competition Landscape
4.1 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume, Revenue by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025)
4.1.1 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025)
4.1.2 Global Medical Swab Market Revenue by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025)
4.2 Global Medical Swab Market Position by Key Manufacturers
4.3 China Medical Swab Market Position by Key Manufacturers
4.4 Global Key Manufacturers Headquarter and Key Area Served
4.5 Global Medical Swab Market Expansion and M&A Dynamic
5 In-depth Analysis of Key Players
5.1 BD
5.1.1 BD Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.1.2 BD Medical Swab Product Features
5.1.3 BD Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.2 Puritan
5.2.1 Puritan Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.2.2 Puritan Medical Swab Product Features
5.2.3 Puritan Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.3 3M
5.3.1 3M Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.3.2 3M Medical Swab Product Features
5.3.3 3M Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.4 Super Brush
5.4.1 Super Brush Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.4.2 Super Brush Medical Swab Product Features
5.4.3 Super Brush Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.5 Copan Diagnostics
5.5.1 Copan Diagnostics Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.5.2 Copan Diagnostics Medical Swab Product Features
5.5.3 Copan Diagnostics Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.6 JianErKang
5.6.1 JianErKang Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.6.2 JianErKang Medical Swab Product Features
5.6.3 JianErKang Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.7 SARSTEDT
5.7.1 SARSTEDT Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.7.2 SARSTEDT Medical Swab Product Features
5.7.3 SARSTEDT Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.8 JiaXin Medical
5.8.1 JiaXin Medical Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.8.2 JiaXin Medical Medical Swab Product Features
5.8.3 JiaXin Medical Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.9 FL MEDICAL
5.9.1 FL MEDICAL Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.9.2 FL MEDICAL Medical Swab Product Features
5.9.3 FL MEDICAL Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.10 Dynarex
5.10.1 Dynarex Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.10.2 Dynarex Medical Swab Product Features
5.10.3 Dynarex Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
5.11 GPC Medical
5.11.1 GPC Medical Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
5.11.2 GPC Medical Medical Swab Product Features
5.11.3 GPC Medical Medical Swab Product Revenue, Sales Volume, Price and Gross Margin Analysis (2021-2025)
6 Global Medical Swab Market Analysis by Countries, by Product Segment and Application
6.1 Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast by Countries: 2020 VS 2025 VS 2032
6.1.1 Global Medical Swab Market Revenue by Countries (2020-2025)
6.1.2 Global Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Countries (2026-2032)
6.2 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Analysis
6.2.1 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Countries (2020-2025)
6.2.2 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Countries (2026-2032)
6.3 Global Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
6.3.1 Global Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast by Product Segment
6.3.2 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast by Product Segment
6.4 Global Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
6.4.1 Global Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast by Product Application
6.4.2 Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast by Product Application
7 United States Medical Swab Market Analysis
7.1 United States Medical Swab Market Prospects
7.1.1 United States Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
7.1.2 United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
7.2 United States Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
7.2.1 United States Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
7.2.2 United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
7.3 United States Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
7.3.1 United States Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
7.3.2 United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
8 China Medical Swab Market Analysis
8.1 China Medical Swab Market Prospects
8.1.1 China Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
8.1.2 China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
8.2 China Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
8.2.1 China Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
8.2.2 China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
8.3 China Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
8.3.1 China Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
8.3.2 China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
9 Germany Medical Swab Market Analysis
9.1 Germany Medical Swab Market Prospects
9.1.1 Germany Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
9.1.2 Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
9.2 Germany Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
9.2.1 Germany Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
9.2.2 Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
9.3 Germany Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
9.3.1 Germany Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
9.3.2 Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
10 Japan Medical Swab Market Analysis
10.1 Japan Medical Swab Market Prospects
10.1.1 Japan Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
10.1.2 Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
10.2 Japan Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
10.2.1 Japan Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
10.2.2 Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
10.3 Japan Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
10.3.1 Japan Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
10.3.2 Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
11 France Medical Swab Market Analysis
11.1 France Medical Swab Market Prospects
11.1.1 France Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
11.1.2 France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
11.2 France Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
11.2.1 France Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
11.2.2 France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
11.3 France Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
11.3.1 France Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
11.3.2 France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
12 South Korea Medical Swab Market Analysis
12.1 South Korea Medical Swab Market Prospects
12.1.1 South Korea Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
12.1.2 South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
12.2 South Korea Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
12.2.1 South Korea Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
12.2.2 South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
12.3 South Korea Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
12.3.1 South Korea Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
12.3.2 South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
13 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Analysis
13.1 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Prospects
13.1.1 United Kingdom Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
13.1.2 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
13.2 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
13.2.1 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
13.2.2 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
13.3 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
13.3.1 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
13.3.2 United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
14 India Medical Swab Market Analysis
14.1 India Medical Swab Market Prospects
14.1.1 India Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
14.1.2 India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
14.2 India Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
14.2.1 India Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
14.2.2 India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
14.3 India Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
14.3.1 India Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
14.3.2 India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
15 Italy Medical Swab Market Analysis
15.1 Italy Medical Swab Market Prospects
15.1.1 Italy Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
15.1.2 Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
15.2 Italy Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
15.2.1 Italy Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
15.2.2 Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
15.3 Italy Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
15.3.1 Italy Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
15.3.2 Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
16 Brazil Medical Swab Market Analysis
16.1 Brazil Medical Swab Market Prospects
16.1.1 Brazil Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
16.1.2 Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
16.2 Brazil Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
16.2.1 Brazil Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
16.2.2 Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
16.3 Brazil Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
16.3.1 Brazil Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
16.3.2 Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
17 Mexico Medical Swab Market Analysis
17.1 Mexico Medical Swab Market Prospects
17.1.1 Mexico Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
17.1.2 Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
17.2 Mexico Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
17.2.1 Mexico Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
17.2.2 Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
17.3 Mexico Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
17.3.1 Mexico Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
17.3.2 Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
18 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Analysis
18.1 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Prospects
18.1.1 Indonesia Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
18.1.2 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
18.2 Indonesia Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
18.2.1 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
18.2.2 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
18.3 Indonesia Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
18.3.1 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
18.3.2 Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
19 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Analysis
19.1 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Prospects
19.1.1 Vietnam Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
19.1.2 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
19.2 Vietnam Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
19.2.1 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
19.2.2 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
19.3 Vietnam Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
19.3.1 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
19.3.2 Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
20 South Africa Medical Swab Market Analysis
20.1 South Africa Medical Swab Market Prospects
20.1.1 South Africa Medical Swab Revenue and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
20.1.2 South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032)
20.2 South Africa Medical Swab Market by Product Segment (2020-2032)
20.2.1 South Africa Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
20.2.2 South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Segment
20.3 South Africa Medical Swab Market by Product Application (2020-2032)
20.3.1 South Africa Medical Swab Market Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
20.3.2 South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Forecast Analysis by Product Application
21 Research Conclusion
22 Appendix
22.1 Methodology/Research Approach
22.2 Research Landscape
22.3 Research Benchmark and Hypothesis
22.4 Data Source
22.4.1 Primary Sources
22.4.2 Secondary Sources
22.5 Data Cross Validation
22.6 Disclaimer

Table 1:Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast Analysis by Product Segment (2020 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Table 2:Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast Analysis by Product Application (2020 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Table 3:Key Raw Materials and Market Concentration
Table 4:Medical Swab Raw Material Suppliers and Contact Information
Table 5:Medical Swab Downstream Customers List
Table 6:Medical Swab Distributors/Dealers List
Table 7:Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 8:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 9:Global Medical Swab Market Position by Key Manufacturers
Table 10:China Medical Swab Market Position by Key Manufacturers
Table 11:Global Key Manufacturers Headquarter and Key Area Served
Table 12:Global Medical Swab Market Expansion and M&A Dynamic
Table 13:BD Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 14:BD Medical Swab Product Features
Table 15:BD Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 16:Puritan Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 17:Puritan Medical Swab Product Features
Table 18:Puritan Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 19:3M Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 20:3M Medical Swab Product Features
Table 21:3M Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 22:Super Brush Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 23:Super Brush Medical Swab Product Features
Table 24:Super Brush Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 25:Copan Diagnostics Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 26:Copan Diagnostics Medical Swab Product Features
Table 27:Copan Diagnostics Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 28:JianErKang Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 29:JianErKang Medical Swab Product Features
Table 30:JianErKang Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 31:SARSTEDT Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 32:SARSTEDT Medical Swab Product Features
Table 33:SARSTEDT Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 34:JiaXin Medical Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 35:JiaXin Medical Medical Swab Product Features
Table 36:JiaXin Medical Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 37:FL MEDICAL Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 38:FL MEDICAL Medical Swab Product Features
Table 39:FL MEDICAL Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 40:Dynarex Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 41:Dynarex Medical Swab Product Features
Table 42:Dynarex Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 43:GPC Medical Basic Information (Total Revenue, Employees, Main Business, Service Area and Contact Information)
Table 44:GPC Medical Medical Swab Product Features
Table 45:GPC Medical Medical Swab Product Revenue (Million USD), Sales Volume (M Unit), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2021-2025)
Table 46:Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast by Countries (2020 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Table 47:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue by Countries (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 48:Global Medical Swab Market Share by Countries (2020-2025)
Table 49:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Countries (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 50:Global Medical Swab Market Share Forecast by Countries (2026-2032)
Table 51:Global Medical Swab Market Sales by Countries (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 52:Global Medical Swab Sales Volume Market Share by Countries (2020-2025)
Table 53:Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Countries (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 54:Global Medical Swab Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Countries (2026-2032)
Table 55:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 56:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 57:Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 58:Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 59:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 60:Global Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 61:Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 62:Global Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 63:United States Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 64:United States Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 65:United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 66:United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 67:United States Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 68:United States Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 69:United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 70:United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 71:China Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 72:China Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 73:China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 74:China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 75:China Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 76:China Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 77:China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 78:China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 79:Germany Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 80:Germany Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 81:Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 82:Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 83:Germany Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 84:Germany Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 85:Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 86:Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 87:Japan Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 88:Japan Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 89:Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 90:Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 91:Japan Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 92:Japan Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 93:Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 94:Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 95:France Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 96:France Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 97:France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 98:France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 99:France Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 100:France Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 101:France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 102:France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 103:South Korea Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 104:South Korea Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 105:South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 106:South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 107:South Korea Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 108:South Korea Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 109:South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 110:South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 111:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 112:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 113:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 114:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 115:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 116:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 117:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 118:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 119:India Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 120:India Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 121:India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 122:India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 123:India Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 124:India Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 125:India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 126:India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 127:Italy Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 128:Italy Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 129:Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 130:Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 131:Italy Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 132:Italy Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 133:Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 134:Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 135:Brazil Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 136:Brazil Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 137:Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 138:Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 139:Brazil Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 140:Brazil Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 141:Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 142:Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 143:Mexico Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 144:Mexico Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 145:Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 146:Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 147:Mexico Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 148:Mexico Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 149:Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 150:Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 151:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 152:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 153:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 154:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 155:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 156:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 157:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 158:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 159:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 160:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 161:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 162:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 163:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 164:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 165:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 166:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 167:South Africa Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 168:South Africa Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Segment (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 169:South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Segment (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 170:South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Segment (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 171:South Africa Medical Swab Market Revenue by Product Application (2020-2025) & (Million USD)
Table 172:South Africa Medical Swab Market Revenue Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (Million USD)
Table 173:South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume by Product Application (2020-2025) & (M Unit)
Table 174:South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume Forecast by Product Application (2026-2032) & (M Unit)
Table 175:Secondary Sources

Figure 1:Medical Swab Product Scope
Figure 2:Global Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast Analysis (2020-2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 3:Global Medical Swab Sales Volume and Growth Forecast Analysis (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 4:Global Medical Swab Product Segment Market Share (2025 & 2032)
Figure 5:Global Medical Swab Product Application Market Share (2025 & 2032)
Figure 6:Cotton Tipped Swabs Product Scope
Figure 7:Foam Tipped Swabs Product Scope
Figure 8:Non Woven Product Scope
Figure 9:Others Product Scope
Figure 10:Specimen Collection Product Scope
Figure 11:Disinfection Product Scope
Figure 12:Other Product Scope
Figure 13:Medical Swab Industrial Chain Framework
Figure 14:Global Medical Swab Market by Geographic Segmentation in 2025
Figure 15:Global Medical Swab Market Share by Countries (2020 VS 2025)
Figure 16:Global Medical Swab Sales Volume Market Share by Countries (2020 VS 2025)
Figure 17:United States Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 18:United States Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 19:China Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 20:China Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 21:Germany Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 22:Germany Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 23:Japan Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 24:Japan Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 25:France Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 26:France Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 27:South Korea Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 28:South Korea Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 29:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 30:United Kingdom Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 31:India Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 32:India Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 33:Italy Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 34:Italy Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 35:Brazil Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 36:Brazil Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 37:Mexico Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 38:Mexico Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 39:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 40:Indonesia Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 41:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 42:Vietnam Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 43:South Africa Medical Swab Market Size and Growth Forecast (2024 VS 2025 VS 2032) & (Million USD)
Figure 44:South Africa Medical Swab Market Sales Volume and Growth Forecast (2020-2032) & (M Unit)
Figure 45:Research Methodology
Figure 46:Primary Sources
Figure 47:Data Cross Validation
Global Medical Swab Revenue and Market Share by Key Players
Revenue (US$ Million) | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
BD | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Puritan | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
3M | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Super Brush | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Copan Diagnostics | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
JianErKang | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
SARSTEDT | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
JiaXin Medical | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
FL MEDICAL | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Dynarex | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
GPC Medical | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Other Companies | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Total | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |

Global Medical Swab Sales Volume and Market Share by Key Players
Sales (M Unit) | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
BD | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Puritan | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
3M | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Super Brush | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Copan Diagnostics | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
JianErKang | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
SARSTEDT | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
JiaXin Medical | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
FL MEDICAL | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Dynarex | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
GPC Medical | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Other Companies | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
Total | XX | XX | XX | XX | XX |
